Frequently Asked Questions

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Answer: YES, but for gas, we add one small (ppm level) additive that greatly reduces foaming.

The formulation has chelating agents that resist solid precipitation. Solids only form at the interface (in headspace above the bulk solution) where solution can evaporate and solidify. When the product gets spent, the pH goes down and reduces the possibility of fallout as time goes on. We have not seen problems with emulsions. The spent aqueous product may have small amount of solid polysulfides (black) in otherwise yellow solution of pH 10.

Answer: Not when dosed properly. The material contains a large percentage of alkaline bases, but these are spent in the reaction in oil. If over-dosed, there could be residual alkalinity, however, the treated oil is less corrosive than untreated oil. In gas treatment, you will need to use a treated/lined tank that is resistant to high pH because the concentrated form of chemical we use for gas has a very high pH. The product has been tested in gas streams containing up to 30% carbon dioxide, yet no metal carbonates precipitated. The formulation contains chelating agents.

Answer: For oil, there should be no spent product to dispose of. For gas treatment, the spent product is a hazard as it contains polysulfides (if solution is acidified, it could re-form H2S). The spent product can be treated to meet water quality standards for disposal, and if economical, sulfur could be recovered (water can contain small level of hydrocarbons that can be treated with activated carbon after removing sulfur).

Answer: YES

Answer: do not add any chemical to winterize, as the product freezing point is <-20°F.  Adding chemicals such as alcohols and glycols actually raise the freezing point (bad).

Answer: In oil, the reaction with sulfur requires a first step of speciation by pH, which is generally the limiting factor and gets H₂S out of the gas phase and into the oil phase. The dosing in oil is 500-2000 ppm. The oil should be jar tested for dosing. The dosing is not based on typical stoichiometry for other types of scavengers. The chemical neutralizes the acids in the oil converting sulfur to bisulfide, and then is picked up by scavengers. At very high H₂S levels, some polysulfides may occur in the oil.

In gas treatment, the sulfur is solubilized into the caustic solution as with other caustic scrubbing designs, but then the sulfur is picked up by a combination of scavengers in the caustic solution, but polysulfides may form. In high H₂S gas treatments, black deposits of polysulfides may form in the presence of oxygen. Upon dilution with a small amount of water, these go back into solution.

In water: water can dilute our product and affect the pH, so we generally do not use this alone for water treatment, but we have a process using this chemical for water treatment. When treating oil, one

should separate as much water out of the oil before treatment. Due to the high pH, it is limited how much can be used for water treatment.

Answer: there are no temperature/exothermic reactions or side reactions to worry about and there are no chlorides. The only negative possibility is precipitation of polysulfide chains (can re-form H2S only upon acidification or addition of water).

Answer: water is a product, and the sulfur will be a combination of chelated products and at very high H2S, forms some polysulfides (aggregated to an organic chemical).

Answer: a large component is NaOH/KOH, water, and the remaining is proprietary (around 1%).

Answer: no

Answer: see below

Answer: No

pH 13-14

Density: concentrated 1.45-1.5 g/mL, at 50% water 1.3 g/mL.

Gas blend 1.4-1.45 g/ mL Viscosity: concentrated solution 52

mPa.s (20 °C). Gas blend 40 mPa.s (20 °C).